In modern life, it is common for individuals and organizations to entrust a specific task to one or more other individuals or organizations to act on their behalf. Authorization is an effective legal instrument that allows one party to perform certain tasks on behalf of another within a specified…

In the context of Vietnam’s stock market experiencing robust growth and deeper international integration, the demand for establishing foreign-invested fund management companies has been steadily rising. Foreign investors seeking to participate in fund management activities not only aim to capture…

According to the provisions of the 2019 Labor Code, the employee has the right to unilaterally terminate their labor contract with the employer, provided that they comply with the notice period prescribed in Clause 1, Article 35 of the 2019 Labor Code, except in cases where no notice is…

Foreign investment capital into Viet Nam is increasingly growing thanks to the State’s attractive policies, particularly in the fields of manufacturing, finance, and technology. However, alongside business opportunities, Foreign Investors also face numerous legal constraints. One of the issues…

Civil judgment enforcement (CJE) is a distinct procedural phase designed to ensure that legally effective judgments and decisions rendered by the Court or Arbitrator are actually implemented. Should judgment debtors fail to voluntarily fulfill their obligation, the State shall apply coercive…

In the context of Vietnam’s business environment, which is increasingly requiring transparency and compliance with applicable law, enterprise dissolution is considered a crucial legal mechanism for terminating the legal status of enterprises in an orderly and lawful manner. This article analyzes…

It is important to understand that a product is considered as a medical device if:  Firstly: A product line may be classified as a medical device if it is an instrument, implant, apparatus, material, in-vitro reagent or calibrator, or software that meets simultaneously the…

The cosmetics and beauty market in Vietnam has been rapidly expanding, with consumer demand extending beyond mere beauty care to the desire for enhanced appearance, greater confidence, and self-expression. This trend has driven enterprises to explore more flexible business models to deliver…

In recent years, along with the rapid development of Vietnam’s economy, the demand for short-term, seasonal, or project-based labor has been increasing significantly. Enterprises, especially foreign-invested companies and factory projects in industrial parks and export processing zones, often have…

As land resources become increasingly limited, leasing land from individuals or other entities for business operations has become a common solution for many enterprises. However, not all businesses fully understand the legal regulations surrounding the construction of facilities on leased…

Telecommunications activities are primarily governed by the Law on Telecommunications 2023 and Decree 163/2023/ND-CP (hereinafter collectively referred to as the “Vietnamese Telecommunications Laws”). The Vietnamese Telecommunications Laws stipulate two main compliance obligations that enterprises…

The development of Vietnam’s digital economy has promoted the use of non-cash payment methods, among which e-wallet services have become increasingly popular. The potential of this market has attracted the interest of many foreign enterprises. However, entering this sector requires strict…

During the process of circulating drugs in the Vietnamese market, manufacturers want to produce products in many different forms such as spray or roll-on to meet many different consumer purposes. Adding a new packaging specification for pharmaceutical products will require additional registration…

Commercial mediation is one of the modern and popular methods for dispute resolution worldwide. In Vietnam, this method is also chosen by various parties to settle disputes. With the regulation of Decree No. 22/2017/ND-CP on commercial mediation, dated February 24, 2017 (“Decree No.…

In the context of the diverse development of the current labor market, not a few employees enter into multiple labor contracts with different employers in order to increase income and diversify career opportunities. However, this raises several issues relating to the responsibilities of employers…

In the context of the continuous refinement of land laws, the proper classification and use of land are crucial factors for ensuring sustainable business operations and mitigating legal risks. Particularly, when selecting land for production and business activities, two types of land that often…

In the context of a labor market that increasingly requires a skilled workforce, vocational education plays a vital role in supplying human resources for society. Enterprises having the demand to provide elementary-level training must carry out procedures to obtain a Certificate of Registration of…

In recent years, human trafficking from Vietnam to foreign countries has become increasingly complex. Trafficking networks often transport victims to neighboring countries such as Cambodia, Laos, China, and even Myanmar through intermediaries. Victims are no longer confined to women and children…

In the context of current business operations, it is not uncommon for an individual to concurrently hold managerial positions (such as Chief Executive Officer, General Director, or Legal Representative) in multiple companies. This raises a pertinent legal question: when such an individual receives…

Using retained earnings to increase investment capital for a project has become an increasingly popular financial strategy for investors, particularly foreign investors, in Vietnam. This approach not only optimizes available resources but also demonstrates flexibility, which is crucial in a…

Investing in employee training and development is a crucial strategy for any enterprise. However, determining whether such training expenses are deductible for corporate income tax (“CIT”), and whether they are subject to personal income tax (“PIT”) for the employee remains a common concern for…

The amended Law on Enterprise 2025, effective from July 1, 2025, for the first time recognizes and specifically provides for the responsibilities of the enterprise founders and enterprises in identifying and disclosing information on Beneficial Owners (“BO”). This concept has long been a familiar…

The promulgation of the 2025 Cybersecurity Law marks a significant turning point in the national effort to protect cyberspace. In the context of rapidly developing technology and increasingly complex cybersecurity threats, the new Law not only reinforces the existing legal framework but also…

With the objective of establishing the International Financial Center (IFC) in Vietnam as a zone governed by a separate, superior, and distinctive policy and legal framework aimed at attracting investors to provide financial products and services as well as related non-financial services2,…

Effective July 01, 2025, the People’s Court (TAND) system officially operates under a new organizational model, based on the provisions of the amended Law on Organization of People’s Courts 2025 and implementing guidance documents, especially Resolution No. 01/2025/NQ-HDTP of the Judicial Council…

The Law on Digital technology industry was passed by the National Assembly at its 9th Session, 15th Legislature on June 14, 2025, and is expected to take effect on January 1, 2026. This Law ushers in a new era for the digital technology industry in Vietnam. The draft Law…

1. Introduction  Personal data protection has recently become a topic of growing concern in Vietnam. Within the Vietnamese legal system, Decree No. 13/2023/ND-CP (“Decree 13”) and, in the near future, the Law on Personal Data Protection of 2025 (“LPDP 2025”) (effective from January 01, 2026) are…

On November 29th, 2024, the National Assembly voted to pass the Law amending and supplementing the Securities Law 2019 (“Law No. 56/2024/QH15”) within the framework of the 8th session of the 15th National Assembly, effective on January 1st, 2025. Law No. 56/2024/QH15 supplements the following new…

1. Context and key concepts of the Artificial Intelligence Law 2025 On 10 December 2025, the National Assembly of Vietnam officially passed the Artificial Intelligence Law (AI Law), the first comprehensive legislation in Vietnam concerning this field. With an effective date of 1 March 2026, this…

1. Introduction  Part One and Part Two of this Series of Articles analyzing Vietnamese legal regulations on the appointment of a department or personnel for personal data protection (“DPO”) have provided a preliminary overview of the following issues: subjects eligible for appointment,…

On June 27, 2025, the National Assembly of Vietnam officially adopted Resolution No. 222/2025/QH15 on International Financial Centers in Vietnam (Resolution 222), establishing the first legal foundation for the development and operation of international financial centers in Vietnam. At the same…

Unemployment benefits are one of the regimes under unemployment insurance, aimed at compensating a portion of employees’ income when they lose their jobs, on the basis of contributions to the unemployment insurance fund. From a macro perspective, unemployment benefits help mitigate the negative…

In the era of the knowledge-based economy, the core value of enterprises no longer lies in factories or machinery, but is increasingly shifting toward technology, software, technical solutions, and operational know-how — often referred to as “intellectual assets.” This reality raises an important…

The mid-shift meal allowance is a commonly adopted welfare benefit aimed at supporting employees’ well-being and maintaining workplace productivity. Recently, the legal framework governing this allowance has undergone notable changes, particularly following the effectiveness of Circular No.…

Part 1: Subjects of application and conditions for organising online auctions  Law No. 37/2024/QH15 amending and supplementing a number of provisions of the Law on Property Auction, promulgated on 27 June 2024 and taking effect from 01 January 2025, marks a significant milestone in Vietnam’s…

Vietnam’s expansion of electronic visa (E-visa) issuance has significantly increased convenience for foreigners entering the country for various purposes. However, in the context of business operations, the use of E-visa by foreigners to work in Vietnam gives rise to numerous legal risks in both…

1. Definition of Technology  Technology refers to a solution, process, or know-how, with or without accompanying tools or equipment, used to transform resources into products.12 Products or other utilities that are not directly used for technology are not considered technology.13  2. Objects of…

The Draft Law amending and supplementing the Law on Intellectual Property introduces an important policy direction on the financialization of intellectual property (“IP”) rights. Accordingly, IP rights are not only recognised as legal rights but are also treated as assets having economic value,…